exploringdenmark | Your Guide to Working and Living in Denmark

Introduction to Denmark

Denmark, a Nordic nation of around 5.8 million people, is often lauded as one of the world’s best countries to live in. It frequently tops global rankings for happiness and quality of life

The country consists of the Jutland peninsula and many islands, characterized by flat landscapes and coastal scenery. Key cities include Copenhagen (the capital and largest city. Aarhus (a vibrant university city), Odense, and Aalborg. Danish culture emphasizes equality, community, and trust – values that underpin its well-functioning society

Locals enjoy a high standard of living supported by a strong welfare state, with free healthcare and education for residents, and a famously healthy work-life balance. Denmark’s concept of “hygge” (coziness and contentment) and its cycling culture are emblematic of the relaxed, yet conscientious Danish lifestyle. Expats are drawn to Denmark for its clean cities, safe environment, and the benefits of living in a place that combines modern urban amenities with a close connection to nature. In short, Denmark offers a welcoming atmosphere and a highly organized society that can make living and working here a rewarding experience

Visa and Work Permit Requirements

Moving to Denmark requires understanding the visa and work permit rules, which depend on your nationality and purpose of stay:

EU/EEA and Nordic Citizens: If you’re from an EU/EEA country (or Switzerland) or a Nordic country, you do not need a visa or work permit to live and work in Denmark. Nordic citizens can even enter with just an ID (no passport needed)internations.org. EU citizens have the right of free movement – you can start working immediately upon arrival. The main formality is obtaining an EU residence registration certificate (from the Agency for International Recruitment and Integration, SIRI) within 3 months of arriving, and a CPR number (civil registration) for residency. This process is straightforward – you’ll need to show your passport/ID and proof of employment or sufficient fundsinternations.orginternations.org. Once registered, EU/EEA nationals enjoy the same rights to work, healthcare, and education as Danes.
Non-EU Citizens (Work Visas): If you’re from outside the EU/EEA, you must secure a residence and work permit before moving to Denmark for workinternations.org. You generally cannot arrive on a tourist (Schengen) visa and then work – a proper work visa should be approved first. Denmark offers several work permit schemes, and the one you apply for will depend on your job offer and qualifications. The main work visa categories include:
- Fast-Track Scheme – designed for companies certified by the Danish authorities to quickly hire foreign specialists. It allows fast-tracked processing and flexible work start, useful if you have a job with a certified Danish employer.
- Positive List – for occupations that are in shortage in Denmark. The government maintains a “Positive List” of professions (e.g. IT specialists, engineers, medical professionals, etc.) facing skill shortages; if you have a job offer in one of these roles, you can qualify for a work permit more easilyinternations.org.
- Pay Limit Scheme – for high-income individuals. If you have a job offer with an annual salary above a certain threshold (around DKK 487,000 in 2024, adjusted periodically), you can get a work permit regardless of occupationwise.comatrum.dk. This scheme is aimed at attracting highly paid professionals.
- Researcher or PhD Visa – for academic researchers or PhD employees who have an offer from a Danish institutioninternations.org.
- Other Work Permits – Denmark also has visas for au pairs, trainees, religious workers, and working holiday agreements with certain countriesinternations.org. If you’re moving with a family, your spouse and children can usually apply for residence permits as accompanying family members once you have your permit.
The application process for a Danish work visa is typically done online via New to Denmark (nyidanmark.dk) or at a Danish embassy/consulate. You’ll need a valid job contract, passport, proof of qualifications, and to pay a fee (around DKK 3,000)wise.com. Processing can take a couple of months, so apply well in advance. Once approved and in Denmark, you’ll get a residence card and a CPR number, allowing you to work and reside legally. Work permits are often granted for the length of the job contract (with possible extensions). Keep in mind that after 8 years of legal residence (in some cases 4 years under special conditions), you can apply for permanent residencywise.com, and after at least 9 years (and meeting criteria like language skills), you could even seek Danish citizenship.

Finding a Job

Finding a job in Denmark as a foreigner can be challenging but there are many resources and a generally robust job market. Denmark’s unemployment is relatively low, and certain sectors are hungry for international talent

workindenmark.dk. Here are key strategies and tips for job hunting:

Job Portals and Websites: Utilize the top Danish job search platforms. The most popular job portals include Jobindex.dk, Jobnet.dk (the official public job center database), Jobbank.dk, HR-manager.net, and international sites like Indeed.comexpatindenmark.com. The official WorkinDenmark.dk site is geared toward expats and lists English-speaking positionshowtoliveindenmark.com. Many positions are also advertised on LinkedIn, which is widely used in Denmark – in fact, Danes love LinkedIn for professional networkinghowtoliveindenmark.com. Make sure to create a polished LinkedIn profile and consider searching for jobs or connecting with recruiters there.
Networking: Networking is crucial in Denmark. A significant number of jobs are filled through referrals or contacts rather than open ads. Attend industry meetups, join professional associations, or connect with expat networks related to your field. Introductions through colleagues and friends can go a long way. When networking, focus on building genuine relationships – Danes may not respond well to overt job asks initially, but they are very willing to talk about their industry or give advice. Demonstrating knowledge of Danish work culture and a bit of the language can impress potential employers or connections.
Language Considerations: Many international companies in Denmark use English as the corporate language, and there are plenty of jobs, especially in tech, engineering, or research, where English fluency is enough. However, outside such roles, knowing Danish will expand your opportunities. Being able to speak some Danish (or at least showing you’re learning) is a plus, as it signals long-term commitment. For certain fields (e.g. healthcare, public sector, sales), Danish language proficiency is often required. Don’t be discouraged if you aren’t fluent yet – highlight any Nordic language skills or an eagerness to learn Danish.
High-Demand Sectors: Target industries with skill shortages. The Danish government regularly publishes lists of sectors with high demand for laborworkindenmark.dk. Currently, there are ample opportunities in fields like Engineering, IT & Software Development (ICT & Robotics), Life Sciences (biotechnology, pharmaceuticals), Business and Finance, Healthcare, Service/Hospitality, Construction, and Green Energy/Clean Techworkindenmark.dk. These are areas where many companies are actively looking for qualified professionals, and being a foreigner is not a barrier (some roles even prefer international experience). Research companies in these industries – for example, Denmark is home to major firms like Maersk (shipping/logistics), Novo Nordisk (pharma), Vestas (wind energy), LEGO (consumer products), and a thriving tech start-up scene.
Application Process: Danish CVs are typically concise (no elaborate design, usually 1-2 pages) and accompanied by a motivated cover letter. Emphasize teamwork, flexibility, and language skills on your CV. It’s common to include a professional photo on the CV in Denmark. When you find a job ad, tailor your application to the specific role and company. Use the job ad’s keywords and address the required skills directly. If you’re applying from abroad, mention your availability to interview via video and your plans for moving. Unsolicited applications are also fairly common in Denmark – if there’s a company you’re keen to work for, you can reach out directly with your CV and a cover letter expressing interest. This can sometimes open doors, especially in smaller firms.
Interviews and Etiquette: If you’re invited to an interview, be prepared for a panel-style interview in many cases. Danish interviews tend to be structured yet informal. The interviewers will expect honesty and self-awareness; it’s okay to talk about areas you want to improve, as modesty is appreciated over braggadocio. Punctuality is critical – arrive on time (or a few minutes early). You may get questions about how you work in teams or handle flat hierarchy environments. It’s also common that they will test your English (and possibly Danish) proficiency casually. After interviews, a polite follow-up email thanking them for their time is acceptable, but don’t be overly pushy on hearing back – hiring decisions can take a while due to consensus-based decision making.

By leveraging online job portals, tapping into networks, and focusing on sectors in need of talent, you can improve your chances of landing a job in Denmark. Persistence is key – it’s not unusual for it to take a few months and numerous applications to secure the right position, but opportunities are certainly there for expats with the right skills and approach.

Housing and Accommodation

Finding housing in Denmark – especially in cities like Copenhagen – can be one of the more challenging aspects of relocating. The housing market is competitive, prices are high in major urban areas, and there are some quirks to be aware of. Here’s what you need to know to secure accommodation:

Rental Market Overview: Most newcomers rent, at least initially. Denmark has a high proportion of renters, and tenant rights are well-protected by law. Rental housing ranges from small studios to family houses, but in cities, apartments (flats) are the norm. In Copenhagen and Aarhus, demand outstrips supply, so vacancies get taken quickly. It’s common to attend open house showings along with many other applicants. Be ready to act fast if you find a place you like. Landlords often choose tenants based on a combination of who reaches out first, has stable income, and seems reliable – personal impressions matter. Having a Danish friend or colleague vouch for you can sometimes help, though not always feasible.
Costs of Rent: Housing costs vary by location. In Copenhagen, rents are highest: for example, a one-bedroom apartment in the city center can easily cost around 6,000–10,000 DKK per month, depending on size and location (with the average around ~7,000 DKK)wise.com. In smaller cities like Odense or Aalborg, or in suburban towns, prices are lower – sometimes as low as 2,500–4,000 DKK for a one-bedroom or studio in outlying areaswise.com. Utilities (heat, water, electricity) may be included or separate; if separate, expect perhaps another 500-1,000 DKK/month for a small apartment. Deposits in Denmark are substantial: typically, landlords can ask for up to 3 months’ rent as a security deposit, plus up to 3 months’ rent paid in advance. This means when you sign a lease, you might need to pay 4-6 months’ worth of rent upfront (deposit + advance + first month). It’s a big outlay, so plan for that in your finances. The good news is if you leave the apartment in good condition, the deposit (minus any damages or required painting/repairs) is returned.
Where to Live: Each city/neighborhood has its own vibe. In Copenhagen, popular neighborhoods for expats include Inner City/Indre By (historic center, expensive), Vesterbro (trendy, youthful area), Nørrebro (diverse and hip, with nightlife), Østerbro (quieter, family-friendly), Frederiksberg (an independent municipality enclave known for its green spaces and upscale feel), and Amager (mixed areas, some very modern developments). Aarhus, the “City of Smiles,” has a large student population and areas like Latin Quarter or Trøjborg that are charming. Odense (Hans Christian Andersen’s hometown) and Aalborg in Jutland offer more relaxed small-city living, often attractive for families or those preferring more space or lower rent. It’s a good idea to consider commuting: Denmark’s public transport and bike infrastructure means you can live a bit farther out and still get to work or city center conveniently, often in 30 minutes or less. Many Danes live in suburban towns or green areas and commute by train or car to the city for work.
How to Find Housing: The best way to find rentals is through online portals and networks:
- BoligPortal (boligportal.dk) – the largest rental website. You can search listings and set up alerts. Note it charges a fee for access (usually a subscription)reddit.com, but it has extensive listings.Lejebolig.dk, BoligDK, MinLejebolig.dk – other popular rental listing sites, some require fees to contact landlords.DBA.dk – Denmark’s equivalent of Craigslist, where people post rentals (look under “Bolig”). It’s free but be wary of scams.Facebook groups – There are many Facebook groups like “Housing in Copenhagen”, “Expats in Copenhagen Housing”, etc. where rentals are posted. Join those and keep an eye out for new posts.
- Company/University Housing – if you’re moving for work or study, check if your employer or university has housing assistance or recommendations. Some larger companies have temporary apartments for expats or can connect you to relocation agents.Networking – Sometimes housing can be found through word of mouth. Don’t hesitate to mention to colleagues or friends that you’re looking for a place – someone might know someone moving out. Many Danes sublet their apartments when traveling or moving temporarily, which can be an opportunity for short-term accommodation.
Tip: When using housing websites, be prepared to pay a small subscription fee for access – for example, BoligPortal has a fee (around DKK 349 for 28 days) that allows you to contact landlordsreddit.com. It’s often worth it for a month given the competition. Always avoid scams: if a deal sounds too good to be true, or someone asks you to wire money abroad without seeing the place, be very cautious. Legitimate landlords will usually want to meet you or at least have a video call and will have a Danish bank account for payments.
Applying for a Rental: For each listing, you typically write a short introduction message to the landlord. It’s common to include who you are, what you do (mention your job or study to show you have income), how long you plan to stay, and that you are responsible/non-smoker/etc. Essentially, you “sell yourself” as a good tenant. Many Danes include a bit about liking a clean home or enjoying hygge – don’t be afraid to personalize it a bit. If you get to visit the place, make a good impression (be on time, polite, and interested).
Lease and Registration: Once you secure a place, you will sign a rental contract (lease). Read it carefully; it will state the rent, what’s included, the deposit, maintenance responsibilities, and termination notice (usually 3 months notice from tenant side). Most leases are standard and follow the Danish Rent Act. After signing, you’ll pay the deposit/rent upfront as agreed. You should then register your new address (folkeregister) with the authorities. In Denmark, everyone’s address is tracked in the CPR system, and you must update it within 5 days of moving. This is done at Citizen Service (Borgerservice) or online if you have NemID. Registering gives you the right to get mail at that address and is required for things like your health insurance card.
Tenant Rights and Considerations: Denmark has strong tenant laws. Landlords can’t just evict without cause or raise rent arbitrarily during a fixed lease period. Typically, you’ll do a move-in inspection and a move-out inspection. Document the condition of the apartment when you move in (take photos), so you aren’t blamed for pre-existing issues. You are generally expected to repaint or pay for repainting as part of moving out (often the deposit covers this). Normal wear and tear is expected, but damage beyond that can be deducted from your deposit. If any disputes arise, there’s a Rent Tribunal (Huslejenævn) in each municipality that can mediate. Some expats take out a small renter’s insurance to cover liability for any damages and theft – it’s optional but worth considering.
Buying Property: While most newcomers rent, some who settle long-term consider buying a home. Note that foreign nationals outside the EU generally need permission from the Ministry of Justice to purchase property in Denmark (unless you’ve lived in Denmark for 5+ years). Property prices in and around Copenhagen are very high, so renting tends to be the practical solution initially. If you do plan on buying, get advice on the rules and the additional costs (like a hefty property transfer tax and the requirement often to put ~5% down).

In summary, start your housing search early, use the major rental websites, prepare for high upfront costs, and be ready to move quickly on a place you like. With some persistence, you’ll find a comfortable home and then you can furnish it (IKEA runs in Denmark too!) and settle into your new Danish life.

Healthcare System

Denmark boasts a universal healthcare system that provides high-quality medical services to all residents. The system is largely tax-funded, meaning that most healthcare services are free at the point of use

relocate.me. As an expat moving to Denmark, understanding how to access and navigate this system is important for your well-being. Here are the key points about Danish healthcare:

Universal Coverage: All citizens and legal residents are covered by the public healthcare system. Once you are a registered resident (i.e., have a CPR number and yellow health card), you can visit doctors and hospitals without paying for most services. General practitioner (GP) visits, emergency hospital care, specialists when referred by your GP, and even most prescription costs are covered by the state (some prescriptions require a co-pay, but there’s an annual subsidy scheme that reduces costs as you spend more). There are no monthly premiums or the like for public health – it’s funded through general taxes. This is why Denmark’s taxes are high, but in return, healthcare is free for patientsdenmark.dk. Note: Certain services are not fully covered – for example, adult dental care is mostly out-of-pocket (subsidized for those under 18 and some for seniors), and optometry (eye glasses) are also not covered except for children.
CPR Number and Health Card: Upon moving and registering in Denmark, you’ll obtain a CPR number (Central Person Registration number). This is your personal ID number for everything, including healthcare. Shortly after registration, you will receive a yellow health insurance card (“sundhedskort”) by mail. This card has your CPR number and the name/address of your assigned general practitioner. Bring this card to all medical appointments – it’s scanned to retrieve your info. The CPR system links all your health records; for example, prescriptions your doctor writes are stored digitally and can be retrieved by any pharmacy with your CPR. Registering for healthcare is automatic when you register your address: you will usually choose a GP clinic from a list of those accepting new patients during the registration process. Your GP is your primary doctor for non-emergencies.
General Practitioners (GPs): The Danish system is built around GPs (also called family doctors). Each resident is assigned a GP, typically one near your home. You will see your GP for check-ups, minor ailments, and first-line medical advice. GPs also act as gatekeepers – if you need to see a specialist, your GP will give you a referral to, say, a dermatologist or an orthopedic doctor. GPs in Denmark often have small clinics with a few doctors working together, and they handle a wide range of issues. It’s important to register with a GP as soon as you get your health card. If you’re unhappy with your GP or move to a new area, you can change your GP by contacting the municipality (a small fee may apply for changing without moving). GPs typically offer consultations by appointment, and many have phone consultation hours each morning for quick advice or test results.
Hospitals and Specialists: Hospitals in Denmark are modern and well-equipped. In case of emergencies or serious health issues, you’ll be treated in a hospital and that is covered by the public system. For emergency situations, you can call 112 (the emergency number) for an ambulance or go to a hospital emergency department (“Akutmodtagelse”). For less urgent but still immediate needs, there are out-of-hours medical clinics (“Lægevagt”) you can call during nights/weekends to consult a doctor or be directed to a clinic. If referred to a specialist or for elective surgeries, there might be a waiting list, but Denmark also has a system where if the wait for a certain treatment exceeds a limit, you have the right to choose private treatment at public expense (the “extended free choice” scheme). Overall, specialist care like prenatal services, mental health, etc., are accessible once you go through your GP or local healthcare region.
Health Insurance and Private Options: Since public healthcare covers most needs, you do not need private health insurance to have medical care in Denmarkinternations.org. Many expats choose not to buy any additional insurance. However, some do opt for supplemental private insurance. There are private hospitals and clinics in Denmark, but they mainly handle elective surgeries or specialty consultations (and often, people use private facilities through work insurance or if they want faster service for non-urgent issues). Employers in Denmark sometimes offer a private health insurance plan as a perk, which can cover things like quicker physiotherapy, elective surgeries, or medicine that the public system might not cover fully. Another common insurance is “Danmark” (Sygeforsikring “danmark”), a non-profit mutual that subsidizes dental bills, glasses, and the like for a membership fee – many Danes subscribe to it for extra coverage on things the state doesn’t cover.
Quality of Healthcare: Denmark’s healthcare system consistently ranks among the best globally for quality and outcomesmazepay.com. Medical staff are highly trained, and English is widely spoken by doctors and nurses, so language is usually not a barrier for expats. You can expect thorough and evidence-based medical treatment. Preventive care is a focus: for example, Denmark has screening programs for certain cancers, and parents will receive reminders for children’s vaccinations (which are free). Maternity care is excellent; midwives and doctors provide free prenatal check-ups, and giving birth in a hospital or birth center is covered.
Pharmacies (Apotek): Pharmacies are where you get medications. Many common medicines (even some that might be over-the-counter in other countries) are only available via prescription in Denmark. When your doctor prescribes something, it goes into the system under your CPR – you just show up at any pharmacy with ID or your health card, and they can pull it up. You will pay a co-pay for prescriptions on a sliding scale: the more you have spent on medicine in a calendar year, the higher the subsidy (once you hit certain thresholds, the medicine becomes heavily subsidized or free). For minor ailments, pharmacies do carry some over-the-counter drugs like pain relievers, allergy meds, etc., but you might have to ask the pharmacist as they often keep even OTC meds behind the counter. Pharmacists usually speak English and can advise on medication usage.
Emergency and After-Hours: Know that emergency medical help is available 24/7. Aside from 112 for life-threatening emergencies, each region has an emergency doctor line (the Lægevagt). In Copenhagen, for example, calling 1813 will get you a medical professional who can guide you or direct you to the right place after hours. For mental health crises, there are also emergency psychiatric services. As an expat, it’s good to familiarize yourself with the local emergency procedures once you settle in.

In summary, Denmark’s healthcare system will take care of you, mostly free of charge, once you’re a resident. Action item: after arriving, register and get your CPR and yellow card, choose a GP, and you’re set. Until that happens (if there’s a gap of a few weeks), consider holding a travel insurance policy just in case. But once in the system, you’ll have peace of mind of comprehensive healthcare coverage – one of the great benefits of living in Denmark

Taxation and Finances

Denmark’s tax system and overall cost of living are something every expat should be prepared for. The country is well-known for its high taxes, which fund the extensive welfare system, and it also has a relatively high cost of everyday expenses. On the flip side, salaries are high and many services (like healthcare and education) are “free” or heavily subsidized due to those taxes. Here’s a breakdown of what to expect and do regarding taxes, money, and cost of living:

Personal Income Tax: Denmark has a progressive income tax system. Income taxes are high – the top marginal tax rate is about 55-56% (one of the highest in the world)taxfoundation.org for the portion of income above a certain threshold. Practically, if you are an average earner, you won’t pay that top rate on all your income – it will be a mix of municipal tax (around 24-26% depending on municipality) and state tax. Broadly, if you earn above roughly DKK 600,000 per year, any income above that gets hit by the top state tax plus municipal tax, summing to ~52-55%. There is also a compulsory labor market contribution (AM-bidrag) of 8% on your salary, taken before other taxes. What this means: don’t be shocked by the paycheck deductions. A rough rule: many people find around 35-42% of their gross salary ends up as net pay after all taxes, depending on income level and deductions. The silver lining is that after-tax income in Denmark still goes far because many big expenses (healthcare, education, childcare subsidies, student stipend, etc.) are provided by the state. When negotiating salary, keep the high tax in mind.
CPR Number and Tax Card: When you start working in Denmark, one of the first financial steps is to ensure you have a tax card (skattekort). This is basically a registration with the tax authority (SKAT) that tells your employer how much tax to withhold from your salary. If you are on a Danish employment contract, your employer will usually arrange this when they have your CPR number – they’ll report your hire to the tax system. Your CPR number is essential for tax matters, as for all bureaucratic mattersn26.com. If you don’t have a tax card, the employer is obligated to withhold a very high provisional tax (like 55%), so it’s important to get it sorted. Usually, once you have a CPR, you can log into the online tax system (e.g., skat.dk, using your NemID/MitID) and enter expected income to generate your tax card. SKAT will issue an “Oplysningsseddel” (information sheet) to your employer electronically with your tax percentage and personal allowance information. Each person has a personal allowance (around DKK 46,000 per year in 2025) which is the amount you can earn tax-free; the tax card takes this into account by giving you a monthly tax-free portion.
Understanding Payslips: Danish payslips typically show your gross income, then the 8% AM-bidrag, then other taxes. You might also see pension contributions if your employer offers a pension scheme (many do, e.g. 5% from you and 5-10% from employer). These pension contributions are usually before tax. Also note, if you’re a member of a union or unemployment fund (A-kasse), those dues might be deducted too. At year-end (actually around March the following year), SKAT provides an annual tax statement (“Årsopgørelse”). You must check it for accuracy (declare any additional income or deductions) – this is the tax return process. It’s often automatic if you just have a salary; you simply log in and see if you owe or are owed a refund. Common deductions include travel expenses for commuting (if beyond a certain distance), interest on loans, and if you paid for courses or had moving expenses for the job (some of these might be deductible). Many expats find the system relatively straightforward once set up, but don’t hesitate to seek help from SKAT or a tax advisor if needed.
VAT (Moms) and Cost of Goods: Denmark has a 25% VAT (called “moms”) on almost everything – this is included in the sticker price in stores. So yes, things are expensive: groceries, eating out, services, electronics – all have this high VAT included. A meal at a restaurant, for example, will feel pricey compared to many countries. Cost of Living in Denmark is among the highest in Europerelocate.me. To illustrate, a recent estimate showed a family of four might have monthly expenses around €3,900 (about 29,000 DKK) excluding rentrelocate.me – and adding rent could bring it to €5,800 (43,000 DKK) or more for living costs in total. While your numbers may vary, expect to budget significantly for housing (the biggest expense), food (groceries for one person can easily be 2,000-2,500 DKK/month if you cook at home), transport (a monthly public transport pass in Copenhagen is ~750 DKK, biking is cheaper, a car is much more expensive). On the plus side, some costs might be lower: for example, mobile phone plans and internet are relatively cheap (because of competition) – you might pay just 100-150 DKK/month for a cell plan with ample data. Also, high earners will find that beyond a certain income, additional earnings are heavily taxed, somewhat leveling take-home pay differences.
Banking: Opening a bank account in Denmark is a must for getting paid and managing bills. You’ll typically do this after obtaining your CPR number, since banks require it. To open an account, prepare your photo ID (passport), your CPR number (they might ask for the yellow health card or the letter with your CPR), and proof of address (like your rental contract or CPR registration receipt)lunar.app. Some banks might also ask for your employment contract or a salary slip, as well as a residence permit if applicable. Big banks in Denmark include Danske Bank, Nordea, Nykredit, Jyske Bank, and others. There are also newer digital banks or EU-based services, but having a local bank is useful. NemKonto: Make sure to designate one of your bank accounts as your NemKontooresunddirekt.se. A NemKonto is an “Easy Account” that the government uses to pay you any refunds or benefits (like tax refunds, child benefits, etc.). You usually do this during account setup or later via online banking – it’s basically just a flag on your account. By default, the first account you open often becomes your NemKonto.
Digital Finance (NemID/MitID & NemID Bank): Denmark is highly digitized. Shortly after you get your CPR, you should set up MitID (the new system replacing NemID) which is a secure digital login used for banks and public services. Typically, the bank helps you set up NemID/MitID when you open an account – you’ll get an app or code generator that you use to log in. This digital ID lets you access internet banking, your tax portal, healthcare records, etc. Also popular is MobilePay, a mobile payment app widely used in Denmark for everything from splitting bills with friends to paying at shops. You need a Danish bank account and number to use MobilePay, but once you do, you’ll find many people and stores prefer it over cash.
Cash and Payments: Denmark is a nearly cashless society. Credit/debit cards are accepted everywhere, and MobilePay or contactless payments are extremely common. It’s a good idea to have a Danish debit card (e.g., Visa/Dankort) or an international credit card. Note that some places (like certain supermarkets or the post office) do not accept foreign credit cards without a fee or at all, so having a local card or cash can be handy. ATMs (called hæveautomat) are available but not used as much these days. Salaries are paid monthly (typically the end of the month) by bank transfer.
Cost of Living Insights: Beyond rent (covered in housing) and taxes, some expenses to budget for: Groceries – high quality but pricey. Shopping at discount chains like Netto, Lidl, or Rema 1000 can save money versus Irma or speciality stores. Transportation – many expats buy a bicycle (used bikes can be found for 500-1500 DKK) and this can save a lot on commuting costs. Utilities – if not included in rent, note that electricity and heating are costly; there have been times of rising energy prices, so 800-1200 DKK/month for electricity for an apartment is not unusual. Childcare – if you have kids, daycare (vuggestue or børnehave) fees are income-based but heavily subsidized, often around 2,000-4,000 DKK/month per child (with discounts for siblings). Leisure – going out for dinner or drinks will cost more than most places: a restaurant main course might be 150-250 DKK, a beer 50-70 DKK, a coffee 30-50 DKK. But many cultural activities, like museums or parks, are free or affordable, and there’s a lot of free community events.
Social Security and Pension: As a worker, you’ll also be contributing to social security programs (though there isn’t a separate “social security tax” like in some countries; it’s all included in the general tax). The CPR system tracks your contributions. Denmark has a state pension (folkepension) for which one qualifies typically after 40 years of residence (with proportional amounts for shorter periods). Many employers offer a private pension scheme as part of your employment benefits – these are important to join, as the state pension alone may not be sufficient for a comfortable retirement. If you leave Denmark, there are rules about possibly withdrawing certain private pension funds or leaving them until retirement – something to look into if and when that time comes.

In summary, be financially prepared: expect high taxes (but also high public benefits) and a high cost of living. Set up your bank account and CPR as soon as possible to integrate into the Danish financial system. Once you’re through the initial shock of prices, you’ll find that careful budgeting plus the decent Danish salaries will allow you to live comfortably. And remember, the taxes you pay come back to you in services – you’ll see this whenever you go to the doctor “for free” or your kids attend excellent public schools without tuition.

Language and Integration

Integrating into Danish life goes smoother when you understand the language and culture. While it’s true that Danes speak some of the best English in the world (English is the predominant second language in Denmark

nationsonline.org, and you can easily get by with English in daily life), learning Danish will significantly deepen your experience and social connections. Here’s how to tackle language learning and integrate into the community:

Danish Language Basics: Danish (dansk) is a Germanic language, closely related to Norwegian and Swedish. It uses the Latin alphabet plus the letters Æ, Ø, Å. Many expats find Danish pronunciation challenging – the written form can differ greatly from how words are spoken, and Danes tend to speak quickly and use glottal stops. Common polite phrases to start with: “Hej” (Hi), “God dag” (Good day), “Tak” (Thanks), “Mange tak” (Thank you very much), “Undskyld” (Excuse me/Sorry). Showing that you can say “tak for mad” (thanks for the food) after a meal, for example, warms Danish hearts. Although you can manage without Danish in many workplaces and city services (especially in Copenhagen), acquiring Danish language skills helps in understanding the culture and is often necessary for long-term stays (e.g., it’s a requirement for permanent residency and citizenship tests).
Free Danish Classes: The Danish government provides free Danish language education to all new adult immigrants. You are entitled to a Danish language course program, typically up to 3½ years (or in some cases up to 5 years) from the time you arrivemigrant-integration.ec.europa.eu. These courses are offered through local language centers (Sprogskole) in every municipality. For example, Copenhagen has “Københavns Sprogcenter” and “Studieskolen”, Aarhus has “LærDansk”, etc. The courses are organized in modules and levels, from beginner (Dansk 1) up to more advanced (Dansk 3) concluding in a final exam. They cover Danish language as well as aspects of Danish society. While tuition is free, there is currently a requirement to pay a refundable deposit (around DKK 2,000) when you start classes, which you get back when you complete the course/module satisfactorilyinternational.au.dk. It’s highly recommended to enroll in these courses soon after arrival – not only do you learn language, but you’ll meet other newcomers and learn practical info. Classes are often flexible (daytime, evening, or weekend options) to accommodate work schedules.
Learning Resources: Beyond formal classes, there are many resources to help learn Danish. The app Duolingo has a Danish course which is a fun way to get basics. Websites like bab.la or Memrise can help with vocabulary. Watching Danish TV with subtitles or listening to Danish music/radio can attune your ear to the sounds. A popular tip is to watch Danish shows like “Borgen” or “The Bridge” with English subtitles, or vice versa, to start picking up phrases. Many municipalities also run language cafés or tandem programs where you can practice Danish in an informal setting with volunteers or fellow learners. Additionally, don’t be shy about asking your Danish colleagues to teach you a new word each day or correct your pronunciation – most will be happy to help (just be aware some Danes might switch to English to be polite to you, as they know you’re a foreigner; you might have to insist you want to practice Danish).
English in Denmark: Since almost everyone speaks English, you might find in social situations that as soon as Danes notice you’re not Danish, they’ll speak English to you (they often like to practice, and also they are being courteous so you’re not left out). This can create a double-edged sword: it’s easy to not learn Danish because you don’t strictly need to. To integrate, try to push a bit beyond this comfort zone. Perhaps designate certain situations as “Danish only” for yourself (like at the supermarket, greet and thank in Danish; or if you have Danish friends, ask for a portion of the hangout to be in Danish). Over time, you might surprise them with your improvement!
Cultural Integration: Language and culture go hand in hand. Denmark has distinct cultural norms but nothing too dramatic for most Europeans/North Americans – it’s largely about subtle things. Equality and modesty are deeply valued; bragging about yourself or flaunting wealth is frowned upon (“Janteloven” – the idea that no one is better than another – still holds sway). Punctuality and respecting rules (like waiting for the green light to cross as a pedestrian) are expected. Danes can seem reserved or hard to get to know – they tend to have close-knit friend groups from school or work and aren’t as outwardly extroverted with strangers. Don’t mistake this for unfriendliness; once you do break the ice, you’ll find them sincere and loyal friends. Joining clubs or associations is an excellent way to integrate. Whether it’s a sports club (football, handball, running, swimming), a hobby group (board games, knitting, dance), or volunteering, these give a social structure to meet Danes. Many Danes socialize through organized activities rather than spontaneous small talk with strangers.
Integration Programs: In addition to language classes, many municipalities have formal integration programs for new residents. For example, they might offer an “Introduction to Danish Society” course or mentorship programs where a local Dane volunteers to be a mentor/friend to an expat. International House/Citizen Service in cities like Copenhagen, Aarhus, etc., often host newcomer events, seminars on taxes, job seeking in Denmark, etc. Attend these if you can – they’re usually free and very informative. The International Citizen Service (ICS) offices (in Copenhagen, Odense, Aarhus, Aalborg) are one-stop centers where you might have done your paperwork; they also provide ongoing information and sometimes have networking eventsworkplacedenmark.dk.
Making Friends and Social Life: Breaking into Danish social circles takes effort. Danes generally won’t initiate conversation with a stranger, but if you take the first step (and they’re not in a rush), most will respond politely. At work, you might find colleagues a bit formal initially, but sharing a cake at Friday coffee or joining the Friday bar (many workplaces have a casual beer/get-together on Friday afternoons) can help. Accept invitations if you get them – Danes often entertain at home rather than out, so if you’re invited to someone’s home, that’s a great sign of friendship (remember to take your shoes off inside homes!). If you enjoy sports or outdoor activities, Denmark has plenty of clubs (everything from sailing, to winter bathing, to cycling clubs) – participating can build camaraderie.
Family Integration: If you have kids, they will integrate fast – often quicker than you! Schools and daycares will teach them Danish and about Danish traditions (like fastelavn, the Danish Halloween; or singing songs around Christmas). Engage with other parents at your kids’ school; it can be a pathway to community. Also, neighborhoods often have Facebook groups or local committees (beboerforening) that organize events (like communal clean-up day, summer parties) – joining those helps you get to know your neighbors.
Public Behavior: A few cultural tips: Danes value personal space and quiet – so on public transport, for instance, it’s expected to keep a low volume (and definitely don’t engage in loud phone conversations in the quiet zones on trains). Standing in queues and not cutting in is the norm. At the same time, you’ll see a very relaxed attitude in other ways – e.g., babies are often left to nap in prams outside cafes (it’s a common, accepted practice).
Trust is high in Danish society, so you’ll experience things like people not obsessively watching their belongings (bike theft is common though, so always lock your bike!).
Learning the Social Codes: Over time, you’ll pick up the social codes. For example, when Danes say “skal vi ses?” (shall we see each other?) at the end of a chat, it’s often just a polite goodbye, not a literal plan – it confused many new expats! Or understanding the humor (Danes have a dry, ironic sense of humor). The more language you grasp, the more of these nuances you catch.

Remember, integration is a gradual process. Don’t be discouraged by initial hurdles. Denmark provides a lot of support for newcomers – from free language courses

Education and Schools

Denmark places a strong emphasis on education and offers excellent educational opportunities from the earliest ages through university. Whether you’re moving with children or planning to study, here’s an overview of what to expect from the Danish education system, international options, and higher education:

School System Overview: Education is compulsory for children ages 6 to 16 in Denmark, but this doesn’t mean they must attend a public school – homeschooling or private schools fulfill the requirement too. The compulsory education period is referred to as Folkeskole, which covers the primary and lower secondary levels (1st to 9th grade, with an optional 10th grade). Public schools (Folkeskoler) are free of charge and open to all residents, including expat childrenthedanishdream.com. These schools are funded by taxes and follow a national curriculum. The teaching approach in Danish schools is student-centered with an emphasis on collaborative learning, project work, and developing social skills. There is less rote learning and more focus on helping kids become independent thinkers. Students typically call teachers by their first names, reflecting the informal tone of Danish culture.
Language in Schools: Public schools teach in Danish. For younger children, language is usually not a huge barrier – non-Danish speaking kids are often given special Danish lessons (modtagelsesklasser or integration classes) to catch up. Teachers and classmates will also usually speak some English to help a new child initially. If you’re staying long-term, many expat parents find that their kids become fluent in Danish within 6-12 months and integrate well into local schools. It can be a great way for the child (and the family) to integrate into the community. However, if your child is older (e.g. teenagers) and not familiar with Danish, integration in a Danish-language school can be tougher academically and socially. In such cases, some opt for international schooling.
International Schools: Denmark has a number of international schools, especially in the Copenhagen area and other major cities, which teach in English (or another language) and follow international curricula. Examples include Copenhagen International School (CIS), Rygaards International School (in Copenhagen, with a British curriculum), Saint Joseph’s International, Aarhus International School, Odense International School, and International School of Billund (which interestingly is supported by LEGO and has an IB program). These schools may follow the International Baccalaureate (IB) program or the Cambridge IGCSE/A-levels, or the curriculum of another country (there’s a French school, a German school, etc., in Copenhagen). International schools are not free – they charge tuition, which can be quite high (though some schools have subsidies for expat families or if one parent is Danish). Tuition can range from around 30,000 DKK to 100,000+ DKK per year depending on the school and grade level. Space can be limited, so if you need an international school, apply early. Some expat employers will cover school fees or have arrangements with certain schools.
Bilingual and Private Schools: In addition to full international schools, Denmark has many private schools (friskoler or privatskoler). These are also paid (though the cost is often lower than international schools because they receive government subsidy). Some private schools offer bilingual instruction or have a particular educational philosophy (like Montessori or Steiner schools). If you prefer an English-friendly environment but want your kids to also learn Danish, look for a bilingual school – for example, there are schools that teach half in English, half in Danish. Private schools in Denmark often cost around 1,000-2,500 DKK per month per child. They still follow core Danish curriculum but might have smaller class sizes or special emphasis (like extra music, or a particular pedagogical approach).
Upper Secondary (Youth Education): After the 9th (or 10th) grade, students in Denmark choose a youth education path – roughly equivalent to high school. The main academic high school is Gymnasium (which can be general STX, technical HTX, business HHX, or IB). These are 3-year programs that prepare students for university. There are also vocational schools (EUD) for those who want to learn a trade (plumbing, electrician, chef, etc.). As an expat, if your children are in this age range, note that the IB (International Baccalaureate) is offered at some gymnasiums and might be suitable if they’re not fully Danish fluent. Public gymnasiums are free and even private ones are heavily subsidized (so usually very low fees).
Higher Education (Universities): Denmark is home to several world-class universities and higher education institutions. The University of Copenhagen, Aarhus University, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Copenhagen Business School (CBS), Aalborg University, University of Southern Denmark (SDU) are some of the major ones. Many universities offer programs entirely in English, especially at the Master’s and PhD levels, and some bachelor’s programs in fields like business or technology. Education at Danish public universities is free for students from EU/EEA countries (as well as Switzerland)studyindenmark.dk, and for others who have certain types of Danish residence permits (e.g., if you have a permanent residence or are here as a spouse of an EU citizen, etc., you might be exempt from fees). If you are from outside the EU/EEA and do not have a long-term resident status, then tuition fees apply for university – these vary by program (could be around €10,000-15,000 per year). However, universities do offer some scholarships for international students, such as the Danish government scholarships or specific ones by the university.
Quality of Education: The quality of both public schools and universities in Denmark is very high. Classes often emphasize not just academic learning but also critical thinking and collaboration. Danish universities encourage a lot of project work and real-world application; for example, engineering students might do semester projects in teams addressing practical problems. There’s also a tradition of close cooperation between universities and industry, so certain programs might include internships or company projects. As a result, Danish graduates are generally well-prepared for the workforce.
Student Life and Benefits: One remarkable aspect of Denmark is that students (including many international students) can receive financial support. Danish citizens and EU residents (under certain conditions, like working a part-time job) are eligible for SU (Statens Uddannelsesstøtte), which is a monthly grant for students in tertiary education. It’s around DKK 6,000+ per month for up to the prescribed duration of study. While as a newly arrived expat you might not immediately get SU unless you meet criteria, knowing this underscores how much Denmark invests in education. Students in Denmark also usually don’t pay for textbooks at lower levels (in school, books are provided). At university, you may need to buy books, but many are available in libraries.
Childcare and Early Education: For families with younger kids, Denmark has excellent daycare (vuggestue for ages ~1-3) and preschool (børnehave for ages ~3-6) systems. These aren’t free but are heavily subsidized; you pay a monthly fee based on your income. The daycare system not only cares for children but also is considered an educational environment – kids learn through play, socialize, and often spend a lot of time outdoors (Danish kids play outside even in cold weather, bundled up – part of the culture!). If you move with a baby or toddler, getting them into the childcare system will also help them (and you) integrate. Note: there might be waitlists for popular daycare centers, so register early at the citizen service for a spot.
Education Culture: Danish schools encourage a relatively informal teacher-student relationship. Students call teachers by first name, and debate or asking questions is encouraged. There’s usually not heavy pressure on grades until later years; the idea is to foster a love of learning. There’s also an emphasis on group projects, which teaches collaboration. At the same time, things like tests and evaluations do exist (especially in the exam years). One quirk: the grading scale in Denmark goes from -3, 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 12 (12 being the highest, roughly an A+). It confuses many at first, but you get used to it.
International Higher Education: If you plan to study in Denmark as an adult, the country is very welcoming to international students. You may need to prove English proficiency (since many courses in Master’s are in English) via tests like IELTS/TOEFL, unless your prior education was in English. There are also opportunities to learn in Danish at university if you become proficient (tuition is free for all in that case, but the language bar is high). Denmark’s academic year runs from September to June, similar to elsewhere in Europe, with application deadlines often in January-March for the following September for university programs.

In summary, Denmark offers free, high-quality education at all levels for residents

If you have children, you can feel confident in enrolling them in local schools where they will receive a great education and likely become Danish-speakers quickly. If you’re considering higher education for yourself or your older kids, Denmark’s universities are a strong option, especially given the free tuition for EU/EEA and the progressive teaching styles. Education is one of the pillars of Danish society – it’s common to see even adults pursuing courses (there are also evening schools and folk high schools for continuous learning). As an expat, tapping into the education system – whether through enrolling your kids, taking a Danish course, or even pursuing a degree – can be both a personal benefit and a doorway to deeper integration in Denmark.

Public Transportation and Mobility

Denmark’s transportation infrastructure is modern, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Whether you live in a city or a smaller town, you’ll find it easy to get around without a car. In fact, Denmark (and particularly Copenhagen) is famous for its bicycle culture, and public transit is comprehensive. Here’s how you can get from point A to B in Denmark:

Public Transportation: The country has an integrated public transport network of buses, trains, and metros:
- Trains: The national railway company DSB operates trains that connect all major towns and cities. For example, intercity trains run frequently between Copenhagen, Odense, Aarhus, and Aalborg (the main east-coast line). Trains are comfortable and usually on time. There are also regional trains within each region (like around Greater Copenhagen, the S-tog commuter trains serve the suburbs). If you live in Copenhagen, the S-tog lines (A, B, C, etc.) are your suburban rails, and the city also has a Metro system that runs driverless, frequent trains (currently 4 lines M1, M2, M3 Cityringen, M4). Aarhus introduced a light rail (Letbane) that connects the city with surrounding areas.
- Buses: Cities and towns have bus networks. In Copenhagen, yellow city buses run regularly and there are night buses as well. You’ll find that bus stops have timetables and many have digital displays of next arrivals. In less populated areas, buses might be infrequent, but they usually link to train stations.
- Ferries: Because Denmark is made of islands, ferries are also part of the transport network. For instance, there are ferries linking Copenhagen with Bornholm island, or domestic ferries between Jutland and Funen islands (though now the Great Belt Bridge connects Funen and Zealand by road/rail). You likely won’t need ferries daily, but for weekend trips or exploring, they are there.
- Tickets and Fares: Denmark is divided into zones for public transit fares, and prices vary by how many zones you travel through. In Copenhagen, for example, you might buy a 2-zone ticket to go around the city center. Paper tickets are being phased out; most people use a Rejsekort or mobile phone tickets. Rejsekort is an electronic smart card you tap when you start and end your journey, and it automatically calculates the fare (with discounts compared to cash tickets). It works across Denmark on virtually all buses, trains, and metrovisitcopenhagen.comradkompetenz.at. As a new user, you can buy an anonymous Rejsekort at larger stations or 7-Elevens, or order a personal one online (which can auto-reload from your bank). There are also commuter passes if you travel daily – you can get a monthly pass for specific zones, often as a sticker or now integrated into Rejsekort or an app.
- Apps and Info: The “Rejseplanen” app/website is incredibly useful – it’s a journey planner covering all Danish public transport; just input from-to and it gives you connections. Many expats rely on it to navigate at first. For tickets, the DOT app (for Eastern Denmark) or Midttrafik app (for Jutland) allow mobile purchases.
Cycling Culture: One of the defining features of Denmark is how many people bike everywhere. Copenhagen is consistently ranked among the most bicycle-friendly cities in the world. There are extensive bike lanes (often raised and separated from car traffic) on almost every major street. During rush hour, you’ll see literally throngs of cyclists. Statistics show that in Copenhagen, bicycles outnumber cars, and about 56% of citizens commute by bike, whereas only around 14% commute by carlifegate.com. This isn’t just in the city center – many commute 5-10+ km each way by bike. Bikes are used rain or shine (or snow; Danes will bike in light snow too!). As an expat, investing in a bicycle is highly recommended. It’s usually the fastest way to get around intra-city and it’s healthy and cheap. You can buy new bikes at many shops (a basic new bike might start around 3,000 DKK), or used bikes can be found on DBA.dk or at bike resellers for anywhere from 500 DKK upwards.

Remember to buy a good lock (bike theft is the one common crime – use a heavy-duty lock and always lock your bike’s frame to something fixed). Also, a couple of points on bike etiquette: ride in the bike lanes, keep to the right, use hand signals (left arm out for left turn, right arm out for right turn, and arm up or hand down to indicate stopping). Don’t bike on sidewalks. At night, it’s required by law to have a working front and back light on your bike. Helmets are not legally required for adults, but many people wear them.
Driving and Cars: Owning a car in Denmark is an expensive luxury rather than a necessity for most city dwellers. Car registration taxes are exorbitant (150% or more of the car’s value for new cars), which means cars are pricey. Fuel (gasoline/petrol) is also heavily taxed (prices per liter are among the highest in Europe). As a result, car ownership rates are lower – for instance, only about 1 in 3 households in Copenhagen owns a carcityobservatory.org. If you live rurally or need a car for work/family reasons, it’s certainly possible to have one, but budget for it. Parking in cities requires permits or payment (Copenhagen has zones, and an annual resident parking permit in central areas can still cost several hundred DKK).
Driver’s License: You can use a foreign driver’s license for a limited time after moving. EU licenses are valid in Denmark as-is. For non-EU, typically you can drive on your license for 90 days after registering, then you need to exchange it for a Danish one (some country licenses can be swapped without a test, others require a driving test). Check with Borgerservice about your specific situation. Denmark drives on the right side of the road, same as continental Europe. Traffic rules are strict (e.g., zero tolerance for driving under influence above low alcohol limit, and speeding fines are steep). However, outside cities, driving is quite smooth – there’s not much congestion once you’re out of Copenhagen and the motorway network is good. If you plan to stay short term and only occasionally need a car, note that car rental and car-sharing are options. Car-sharing services like Green Mobility or ShareNow allow you to rent electric cars in the city by the minute.
Walking: Danish cities are very walkable. Sidewalks are everywhere, drivers yield to pedestrians at zebra crossings, and the scale of cities is compact. In Copenhagen, you might find you can walk to many places if you live centrally. Just mind the bike lanes when crossing streets – always check for fast bikes coming, as they have their own “traffic” separate from cars.
Connectivity: Denmark’s location also means it’s easy to travel abroad. Copenhagen has a major international airport (CPH) with frequent flights throughout Europe and beyond. There’s a convenient train from Copenhagen Central to the airport (15 min ride). The famous Øresund Bridge connects Copenhagen to Malmö, Sweden – you can drive or take a train to Sweden in about a half-hour. If you live in Jutland, driving to Germany is straightforward (there’s a border crossing to Schleswig-Holstein). Buses like Flixbus also operate international routes for cheap travel to neighboring countries.
Green Mobility: You’ll notice a lot of effort on green transportation. Electric buses are being rolled out, and electric cars are growing in number (with many charging stations around). The government incentivizes EVs (though some tax breaks were reduced recently). The push for cycling is partly environmental as well. So by using transit or biking, you’re also aligning with Denmark’s eco-friendly ethos.
Etiquette and Tips: On public transport, validate your ticket (if using single-ride tickets, you must time-stamp them in a little blue machine in buses/trains). If using Rejsekort, remember to tap out when leaving, or you’ll be overcharged. People generally queue to get on buses/trains and will let passengers exit first. It’s customary to offer your seat to elderly, disabled, or pregnant passengers. On escalators (like in Metro stations), stand on the right side so people can walk past on the left. Many Danes will be reading or quietly using phones on transit; loud conversations are kept minimal – try to match that atmosphere.

In a nutshell, you can live in Denmark easily without a car, thanks to the excellent public transportation and bike-friendly cities. For daily commuting, consider getting a bike or using a combo of bike+train (many trains allow you to bring bikes on board, sometimes for an extra fee or in designated carriages). Public transport can get you anywhere, even smaller villages (though with less frequency). Embracing the Danish way of moving – cycling and walking – will not only save you money but also immerse you in the local lifestyle (nothing says local like biking in a snow flurry with groceries in your bike basket!). And if you do need to drive, roads are good and distances are short (Denmark is not a huge country), so road trips are quite enjoyable too.

Legal and Social Security Considerations

When working and living in Denmark, it’s important to understand your legal rights and the social security system that you’ll be part of. Denmark’s model is often called a “flexicurity” system – it combines flexible hiring/firing with strong social security benefits for workers. Here are the key legal and social aspects to keep in mind:

Residence Registration and CPR: Legally, if you’re residing in Denmark, you must register your address with the National Registration Office (Folkeregister) within 5 days of settling in. This registration gives you your CPR number (if you haven’t gotten it already) which is your legal ID in Denmark (it’s used in all official contexts). Keep your CPR letter/card safe. Any time you move to a new address within Denmark, you must update your address (this can be done online or at Citizen Service). If you eventually leave Denmark permanently, you also de-register yourself from the CPR system. The CPR number is used for taxes, healthcare, banking, employment records, voting (if eligible), etc. – basically everything.
Work and Employment Law: Denmark generally has strong protections for employees, though not always through detailed legislation as in some countries, but often via collective agreements. Many workplaces follow collective bargaining agreements (even if you’re not a union member) that set terms for things like wages, working hours, overtime pay, holidays, dismissal notice periods, etc. Key legal entitlements include:
- Holidays: All workers are entitled to 5 weeks of paid vacation per year by lawworkindenmark.dk. Under the Danish Holiday Act, you earn vacation days as you work (around 2.08 days per month worked, which totals to 25 days a year)english.ida.dk. There’s now a system of “concurrent holidays” meaning you can use days as you earn them. Many employers also have additional policies like vacation feriepenge (holiday allowance) which is 12.5% of your pay set aside for vacation if you haven’t taken them.
- Working Hours: A normal full-time work week is 37 hours (some sectors 37.5). Overtime isn’t usually expected as a norm – if regularly required, it should be compensated either with additional pay or time off in lieu, depending on your agreement. By law, employees have the right to at least 11 hours of rest per 24 hours and at least one day off each week (usually Sunday).
- Notice Periods: If your employer terminates your contract, the notice they must give you depends on your length of service (and whether you’re covered by Salaried Employees Act “Funktionærloven” or a union agreement). Typically, after probation, notice might be 1 month, increasing to 3 months or more the longer you’ve been employed. Employees who resign usually give 1 month notice (again, varies by contract).
- Contracts: You should receive an employment contract if you work more than 8 hours per week for over 1 month. It will outline your salary, working hours, holiday entitlement, notice, etc. Denmark doesn’t have a single statutory minimum wage, but minimum wages exist through union agreements – and they are relatively high (often around 110-130 DKK/hour for unskilled work as a baseline). Even if you’re not in a union, most responsible employers pay at least these rates.
- Equal Treatment: Discrimination in hiring or employment based on gender, race, religion, sexual orientation, etc., is illegal. Denmark is quite progressive on workplace equality, and you’ll find many women in the workforce (with generous maternity provisions).
Unions and A-kasse: A notable feature of Denmark is the high rate of union membership. Unions (fagforening) help negotiate those collective agreements and also provide support if you have issues at work. While joining a union is optional, many Danes do. Fees might be ~400-600 DKK/month. If you’re in a professional field, you might join a union like IDA (engineers), DJØF (lawyers/economists), etc. They offer career advice, legal help, and networking too.
A-kasse (Unemployment Insurance Funds): These are separate from unions (though sometimes affiliated). An A-kasse is a fund you can join that makes you eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. In Denmark, unemployment benefits are not automatically given by the state; you must have been a paying member of an A-kasse for a minimum period (usually 12 months) and meet work requirements to claim. If you plan to be working in Denmark, it’s wise to join an A-kasse soon after you start your job. Some major A-kasse providers: Akademikernes A-kasse (for academics), CA A-kasse (for business-related fields), 3F (for laborers), etc. The cost is about 400-500 DKK/month. If you lose your job and have been a member long enough, you can get around 90% of your previous salary as unemployment benefit, capped at about DKK 19,000 per month (this cap changes slightly year to year) – so it provides a safety net. Unemployment benefits can be paid for up to 2 years (with some conditions to fulfill like actively job-seeking and attending meetings at job center).
Social Security Number & Benefits: Your CPR is effectively your social security number. Denmark doesn’t issue a separate SSN. Through the CPR and tax system, you earn entitlement to various benefits:
- Healthcare – as discussed, free access from day one of residency.
- Parental Leave Benefits – when you or your partner have a baby, the Danish system provides generous parental leave. The law provides (for births after Aug 2022) each parent 24 weeks of leave (with some earmarked weeks for mother and father specifically, especially right after birth) which can be partly concurrentinternational.kk.dk. In total, a couple can have around 52 weeks of leave combined with state benefits (at around 60% of salary up to a cap)oresunddirekt.se. Many workplaces top up the pay to full salary for some of that period (like full pay for 4-6 months is common in many companies). If you have a child while working in Denmark, be sure to coordinate with Udbetaling Danmark (the agency that handles these benefits) and your employer to plan the leave.
- Sickness Benefit – if you fall ill and can’t work, your employer typically pays full salary for some period (according to law or contract). After that, one can receive sygedagpenge (sick leave pay) from the municipality for a certain time.
- Family Benefits – Families receive “børnepenge” (child allowance) quarterly for each child under 18. This is automatic if you’re registered and tax-paying. The amount is around 4,500 DKK quarterly for 0-2 year olds, then slightly lower for older kids, reducing as they age. Note: new residents only start getting full amount after living (or working) in Denmark for 6 years (before that, it’s a percentage).
- Pension – Denmark has a state pension that most people become eligible for at retirement age (currently 66 but gradually rising). To get the full basic amount, you need many years of residence. Even as an expat, if you work and pay tax for some years, you accrue a proportional right. Many expats won’t stay that long; however, the compulsory ATP pension (a labor market pension where a small part of your salary is contributed) can be paid out on retirement even if abroad, or you might get it back if you leave (ATP is usually tiny amounts though). Your employer pension scheme is more significant – if you leave, you typically leave that invested or transfer it, you don’t “lose” it. There are also Supplementary pensions and others that Danes get, but those are detailed for long-term scenarios.
Personal ID and Digital Security: Legally, you’re not required to carry an ID at all times in Denmark, but having your residence card (for non-EU) or at least a picture ID is smart. Police can ask for identification if needed. That said, Denmark is not ID-heavy – often just giving your CPR or showing the health card suffices in many places. One legal consideration is Digital Post: by law, residents are required to be able to receive official mail digitally. Once you have CPR, you’ll get a Digital Post/e-Boks account (connected with your NemID/MitID) where government letters (from tax, health, etc.) are sent. It’s your responsibility to check it (you can set it to send you email alerts). So, make sure you set up your e-Boks and NemID properly to stay on top of official correspondence.
Legal System: Denmark’s legal system is stable and transparent. As a resident, you are subject to Danish law, of course. Some things to note: TV License – historically, Denmark had a media license fee everyone had to pay for DR (national broadcaster), but it has been transitioned into a tax now. Licenses – if you plan to drive, handle that license exchange. If you own a dog, note that dog registration and chip is required (and certain breeds are banned). For any legal help, if you join a union, they often provide assistance in employment disputes. There are also places offering free legal aid (Retshjælp) for basic advice if needed.
Staying Compliant: If you are on a temporary work visa, remember to renew in time if needed and keep your permit conditions (e.g., if it’s tied to a specific job, changing jobs may require a new permit). EU citizens should remember to update their registration if they change status (like from student to worker, though often no action needed, just when renewing residence card after 5 years for permanent). Nordic citizens basically just roll with the CPR.
Emergencies and Security: Denmark is extremely safe. Petty crime is low (bicycle theft being the most common annoyance). The emergency number as mentioned is 112 for police, fire, ambulance. There’s also a non-emergency police number 114. Police are generally helpful and they do speak English if you ever need them. As a resident, you have the right to police assistance and the obligation to obey Danish laws. If you ever have legal troubles, you’re entitled to a lawyer and possibly interpreter if needed.

In essence, the social contract in Denmark is strong: you pay your taxes, and the system provides a safety net and public services. Know your rights – five weeks’ vacation, parental leave, etc. – and don’t hesitate to use them; Danes certainly do, and it’s part of the culture of work-life balance. Also be mindful of your responsibilities – keep your CPR info updated, follow the rules, and contribute to society (even sorting your trash for recycling is taken seriously!). If you do, you’ll find Denmark is a very secure and supportive place to live and work.

Danish Work Culture

Starting a job in Denmark isn’t just about new tasks and colleagues – it’s also about adapting to a new work culture. Danish work culture is often characterized by a friendly informality, a strong emphasis on teamwork and equality, and a healthy respect for work-life balance. Here’s what to expect in the Danish workplace:

Flat Hierarchy and Informality: Danish workplaces are notably flat in structure. What does this mean? It means that the boss isn’t a distant figure giving orders from behind a closed office door. In fact, many offices are open-plan, and a CEO might sit at a desk among everyone else. Titles and status are downplayed. It’s common for everyone to address each other by first names – you’ll likely call your manager Henrik or Anna instead of Mr. So-and-soworkindenmark.dk. The idea is that each person’s input is valuable regardless of rank. You might notice that decisions are often made democratically or through consensus-building in meetings rather than top-down directives. For you as an employee, this flat structure means your opinion is expected – if you have expertise in an area, don’t hesitate to voice your thoughts or even (politely) disagree with your boss in a meeting. That’s normal and appreciated. Also, many Danish companies have minimal bureaucratic formalities internally – fewer rigid protocols, and more trust that employees will manage their time and tasks responsibly.
Work-Life Balance: Denmark famously has an excellent work-life balance. Full-time hours are around 37 per week, and there’s a cultural norm that when the workday is done (often around 4 or 5 pm), people go home. It’s not a place where you get a badge of honor for working late every night – in fact, if you consistently stay very late, colleagues might wonder if you’re struggling to manage your workload. Of course, in some high-pressure jobs or special projects, extra hours happen, but it’s typically offset later (maybe you leave early on another day). Flexibility is common: many workplaces allow adjusting hours (arrive earlier, leave earlier, etc.) as long as the work gets done. And because many Danes have children, offices empty out by mid-afternoon as parents go pick up kids from daycare (which typically closes by 4:30 or 5). This family-friendly schedule is built into the culture. Additionally, remote work or working from home is widely accepted, especially after the experiences from 2020 onwards – though it depends on the industry. Overall, expect a respectful attitude toward your life outside work: your vacation time will be honored, and if you need to stay home with a sick child, it’s normally no problem (there are laws allowing parents to take “child’s first sick day” off).
Teamwork and Collaboration: Danish companies value teamwork a lot. You will likely work in teams or project groups, and the success is seen as a group effort rather than individual heroics. In meetings, you might be asked for input even on areas outside your direct responsibility – cross-functional collaboration is common. Meetings themselves are a big part of work life: Danes joke about having meetings to plan meetings. They can be frequent, but they’re also where that consensus and discussion happen. Try to engage and contribute. The concept of “hygge” even extends a bit into work – some teams will have a weekly cake or breakfast together, emphasizing that social comfort helps working together. Also, expect a lot of trust: micromanagement is relatively rare. Managers will generally trust you to do your tasks without breathing down your neck. You might get broad objectives and it’s up to you to figure out how to achieve them. This autonomy is freeing but also requires you to be self-motivated.
Communication Style: Danish communication in work settings is typically straightforward and honest, but also modest. You’re encouraged to speak up if there’s a problem or you disagree. People will generally tell you directly if something needs to be improved, but in a non-confrontational way. Feedback might be given in a quite matter-of-fact manner. Don’t be surprised if a colleague openly critiques an idea in a meeting – it’s usually about the idea, not personal. Similarly, you can (and should) offer constructive feedback. Just do so factually and calmly. Also, humor finds its way into the workplace – often ironic or self-deprecating humor. It’s okay to have a laugh during work; many Danish offices have a relaxed atmosphere where people joke around at coffee breaks. However, be aware of Janteloven (the Law of Jante) mentality: avoid coming across as bragging or thinking you’re above others. That can rub Danes the wrong way. Humility and team orientation go over better than self-promotion.
Equality and Inclusion: You’ll notice a strong emphasis on gender equality and overall inclusive policies. Denmark has many women in leadership positions, and generally workplaces strive to be inclusive of different backgrounds. If you’re an international hire, Danish companies will usually make an effort to integrate you, but you might need to take initiative too (for example, joining colleagues for lunch or Friday bars, etc.). Lunch at work is often communal – many workplaces have a canteen that serves lunch (sometimes subsidized by the employer). This is a daily time when everyone eats together, which is a nice social leveller – you might find yourself sitting next to a director one day and an intern the next, all chatting over smørrebrød.
Workplace Etiquette: A few pointers: punctuality is important. Be on time for work and meetings. If a meeting is set for 10:00, people will generally be seated and ready at 9:59. Being late habitually will be noticed. Email etiquette – Danes tend to be brief and to-the-point in emails (and often informal – they might not always use “Dear so-and-so,” maybe just start with your name or “Hi”). Don’t be alarmed, it’s just efficiency, not rudeness. You can also write in a friendly but concise way. And most Danes have excellent English, but if you learn some Danish, colleagues will appreciate any attempt, even if the office language is English. Another thing: workplace benefits like the famous cake on Wednesday or Friday beer: Many offices have a tradition of someone bringing cake on their birthday or a team doing a cake day. Fridays, some have a little informal gathering with beer or soda to end the week. Joining these is a good idea – it’s part of the culture to relax a bit with colleagues.
Professional Development: Danish companies often invest in employee development and expect you to continually learn. Don’t hesitate to mention courses or training you’d like – many employers will support it. Also, performance reviews (MUS – medarbejderudviklingssamtale) typically happen yearly where you set goals with your manager in a very open dialogue. This is also a chance to express your career wishes.
Holidays and Social Events: You might experience the famous Danish Julefrokost (Christmas lunch) with your company – which is usually an evening party with lots of traditional food and drinks, sometimes quite festive (and wild by the end!). There can also be summer outings or team-building events. These social events are quite important for bonding with coworkers. It’s perfectly fine (even expected) to relax and be more informal at these – Danes tend to let loose at the Christmas party, for instance. Just use common sense, of course.
Conflict Resolution: In case of disagreements or issues at work, the approach is usually to address them calmly and directly with the person or via the immediate manager. Raised voices or aggressive confrontations are extremely rare; keeping one’s cool is part of Danish professionalism. If you come from a very high-conflict or high-competition work culture, the Danish style might feel a bit “gentle” or even passive. But things do get done – often behind the scenes or through consensus, which can be slow but usually leads to broad agreement.
Balance of Social and Work Life: Danes often keep their work and private lives somewhat separate. It’s not super common to hang out with colleagues beyond maybe a Friday beer or occasional event – many people have their friend circles outside work. This can vary; some workplaces are very tight-knit. As an expat, you might want more social interaction – don’t take it personally if coworkers seem friendly at work but don’t immediately become close friends outside. It just takes time. After-work or weekend invites may come once you’ve known them longer. In the workplace itself, you’ll likely find people quite friendly, helpful, and cooperative.

In summary, Danish work culture is collegial, informal (no stiff suits unless the industry calls for it; many offices are smart casual attire), and respectful of your time. As long as you show up on time, do your work well, collaborate with others, and respect the egalitarian ethos, you’ll fit right in. Many expats come to love the Danish way of working – it can feel liberating and humane compared to more hierarchical or workaholic cultures elsewhere. You might soon find yourself leaving the office at 4 pm to go for a swim or cycle, without any guilt, because that’s just normal in Denmark!

Checklist for Moving to Denmark

Relocating to Denmark involves several steps, both before you depart and after you arrive. Here is a step-by-step checklist to help ensure you’ve covered all the essentials for a smooth transition:

Before You Move:

Research Visa & Work Permit Requirements – Determine what entry permissions you need. If you’re an EU/EEA citizen, prepare the documents you’ll need to register (passport, job contract or proof of funds, etc.), even though you don’t need a visa. If you’re a non-EU citizen, secure your work/residence permit approval before movinginternations.org. Start this process early, as it can take time. Ensure your passport is valid for the duration of your stay (many countries require at least 6 months validity on arrival).
Gather Important Documents – Collect all personal documents you might need in Denmark. This includes birth certificates, marriage certificate (if applicable), diplomas/degrees, transcripts, professional certificates, medical/vaccination records (especially for children’s school enrollment), and possibly an apostille on certain documents to verify their authenticity internationally. It’s wise to have both the originals and a few notarized copies. Also, have multiple passport-sized photos – you’ll need these for various applications (residence permit card, EU registration, etc.).
Job Contract & Financial Planning – Make sure you have a signed job contract or offer if you’re moving for work. Discuss any relocation assistance with your employer (some offer help with housing or covering moving costs). If you don’t yet have a job, ensure you have sufficient savings to support yourself while job hunting, as Denmark’s cost of living is highrelocate.me. It’s recommended to have at least a few months’ living expenses saved. Also, if applicable, close out or update necessary things in your home country (bank accounts, cancel leases, inform tax authorities of your departure, etc.).
Housing Arrangements – Research where you will stay upon arrival. It can be risky to rent a long-term apartment unseen, so many expats start with temporary housing: a short-term Airbnb, hotel, or serviced apartment for a few weeks or a month. If your employer provides initial housing or a relocation agent, coordinate with them. Begin browsing Danish rental websites (BoligPortal, etc.) for long-term housing early so you understand the market and can perhaps line up viewings shortly after you arriverelocately.com. If you need to register an address quickly (for CPR), having a long-term lease helps, but you can also register on a temporary address if you have permission from the owner.
Learn About Danish Culture & Language – Start learning basic Danish phrases and familiarize yourself with Danish customs. Even a little language knowledge will help you feel more comfortable (and locals appreciate the effort). If you have time, take an introductory Danish course or use language apps. Additionally, read about Danish society – knowing about things like hygge, how the healthcare and education systems work, and local etiquette (like taking off shoes indoors) will reduce culture shock.
Health Preparations – If you have any ongoing medical conditions, speak with your doctor about obtaining copies of your medical records to take with you. It’s also smart to bring at least a 3-month supply of any prescription medications you need (and get a doctor’s note or prescription for them, to show at customs if asked). Check if your medications are available in Denmark or if there are equivalents. While you will be covered by Danish healthcare once you register, consider getting travel health insurance that covers you for the initial few weeks in Denmark, just in case anything happens before you get your CPR and health card.
Packing and Moving Logistics – Decide what to bring and what to store or sell. Denmark accommodation often comes unfurnished, but if you’re coming for a limited time, you might not ship large furniture. Electronics: note Denmark uses Type E/F outlets (230V); most modern electronics adapt, but you’ll need plug adapters for devices from abroad. Shipping: if using an international mover, arrange well in advance. If you have only a small amount of personal items, shipping boxes or extra luggage might suffice. Don’t forget climate-appropriate clothing: Denmark has cool, windy winters (bring a good coat, waterproof gear) and mild summers.
Notify and Arrange Affairs in Home Country – Redirect your mail or have a plan for mail (some use mail scanning services or a family member’s address). Cancel utilities, subscriptions, etc. If you’re leaving a job, get references or recommendation letters (can be useful in Denmark too). Let your bank and credit card companies know you’ll be abroad so they don’t flag your transactions – and check international fees. It’s also a good idea to get some Danish currency (DKK) in cash for immediate expenses upon arrival, though cards are widely used.

After Arriving in Denmark:

Register at the Citizen Service (CPR Number) – This is top priority. If you’re non-EU with a work permit, you’ll typically need to show your residence permit letter/card, passport, and proof of address. EU citizens need to first obtain an EU Residence Certificate: go to a SIRI office or International Citizen Service (ICS) center with your passport, passport photos, and proof of employment or study. They will issue your EU residency document often on the spot or within a few daysinternations.org. With that (or for Nordic citizens who skip that step), go to the Citizen Service (Borgerservice) to get your CPR number. At ICS centers in major cities, you can often do the EU registration, CPR registration, and even tax card in one visit. You’ll need your passport, your residence certificate or permit, a local address, and possibly your employment contract. Once done, you’ll be in the system and your yellow health insurance card will be mailed to you (usually in 1-3 weeks). The CPR registration also lets you choose a general practitioner (doctor) – you might do this on a form or electronically; if you have a preference for a specific doctor/clinic, you can ask if they are open for new patients.
Get a Tax Card (Skattekort) – If you started work, ensure your employer registers you with SKAT (tax authority). Often, during CPR registration, they gather info for tax as well (like your employer’s CVR number, salary, etc.). To be safe, you can log into the tax website skat.dk using your NemID/MitID once you have it, and enter your expected income to generate a tax card. This prevents over-taxation. You will also receive a Danish personal tax number (which is essentially your CPR) and you should later check you’re on the right tax rate. Note: Denmark has a scheme for researchers/high-income expats called “Expat Tax Scheme” – if you meet criteria (work in academia or have income above a threshold), you can elect to pay a flat tax (~32.84%) for up to 7 years instead of normal taxes. If applicable, apply for that within 8 days of starting work.
Open a Bank Account – Take your CPR number proof (the CPR letter or health card), passport, residency proof, and maybe your employment contract to a bank to open an accountn26.com. Popular banks have English-speaking staff at main branches. The bank will set up a NemKonto (simply ask to designate your new account as your NemKonto) so any government payments go into itoresunddirekt.se. They will also help set up MitID/NemID for you – you’ll get either a code card or app and instructions. With your bank account, you can now receive your salary (most Danish salaries are paid monthly, the last weekday of the month). Also request a debit card (Dankort/Visa) which you’ll get by mail in a week or two.
Housing Registration – If you moved into your long-term accommodation, ensure your name is on the mailbox (important, so you receive mail like the CPR card, MitID, etc.). Register your address with the municipality (you likely did this when getting CPR; if you change address later, update online via borger.dk). If you’re in temporary housing and will move soon, you can register once at the final address – but note, you can’t get CPR without some address. People sometimes use a friend’s address (with permission) for initial registration if needed.
Health Insurance Card (Yellow Card) – Wait for your yellow card to arrive by post at your address. This card confirms you have a CPR and who your doctor is. Carry it with you (or keep it safe and have a picture of it) – you’ll need it for any doctor or hospital visit. On the card, you’ll see your CPR number and your designated doctor’s name. If for some reason it doesn’t arrive in 3 weeks, follow up at Citizen Service.
Phone and Internet – Get a local Danish SIM card/phone plan. There are many providers (Telia, TDC/YouSee, 3, Oister, Lycamobile etc.). Some expats start with prepaid SIMs (which you can buy at 7-Eleven or electronic stores) then switch to a plan. Plans are cheap ~100 DKK/month for lots of data. You’ll need your CPR to sign up for a postpaid plan. For home internet, if it’s not already in your rental, call providers to set it up (often your landlord or relocation agent can advise which ISPs serve the address). The major ones are YouSee, Hiper, Telmore, etc. This may require a CPR and Danish bank account for the contract.
NemID/MitID and Digital Post – If not already done via your bank, get your MitID digital identity set up. With it, log in to e-Boks.dk or borger.dk and activate your Digital Post mailbox (this might be automatically set once you have CPR). This is crucial because official letters (from tax, healthcare, etc.) will come digitally. Check that you can access it and that you’ve maybe switched the interface to English if needed. Also, you can add your email so you get notified when new mail arrives in e-Boks.
Join an A-kasse/Union – If you plan to work in Denmark long-term, consider joining an unemployment insurance fund (A-kasse). You can usually sign up online – you’ll need your CPR and maybe your NemID to log in. Doing this early means you start accumulating the 12 months needed for benefit eligibility. Also, look into professional unions for your field; they provide workplace advice and other benefits, though this is optional.
Language Courses Enrollment – Enroll in Danish language classes. Contact your municipality’s language center or the one designated for your area. Copenhagen has an online signup for language school choices. Since classes are free (with deposit) for newcomersmigrant-integration.ec.europa.eu, take advantage of this early. There might be a waiting list for a specific time slot, but getting started sooner helps with integration. Alternatively, some people start with private courses or online lessons if they want faster progress.
Register a Doctor and any Specialists – By now you have a GP assigned (from your yellow card). If you have specific health needs, you might want to contact your GP to discuss referrals to specialists, or if you need ongoing prescriptions, get an appointment to set those up in the Danish system. If you have kids, after registration they will be part of the child healthcare system – you’ll eventually get letters for vaccinations or check-ups from the local health nurse.
Childcare/School Enrollment – If you moved with children, you need to enroll them in school or daycare. For school-aged kids: contact the local municipality’s education office. They will assign a public school based on your address or you can request one. For younger kids: apply for daycare or kindergarten (through the municipal digital system, often using NemID). There might be a short waitlist, but foreigners sometimes get priority if coming mid-year. If using an international school, finalize the application and get the enrollment letter (which might help with your residence permit as proof of schooling, if relevant).
Transportation Setup – Get a Rejsekort for public transit if you plan to use trains/buses often (available at stations or DOT offices). If you will bike, consider buying a bicycle (plenty of bike shops sell second-hand bikes). Learn the traffic rules for cyclists. If you brought a car or plan to buy one, you’ll need to register it and pay import duty if applicable (which can be complex – many in that case use a car registration service). Also, if you have a foreign driver’s license, mark your calendar for the deadline to exchange it for a Danish one to avoid any lapse.
Explore and Integrate – Now that essentials are handled, start settling into life. Register with your local International House (if in Copenhagen or Aarhus, etc., they have programs for newcomers). Join local Facebook groups or expat forums (like “Expats in Denmark” or city-specific ones) – these can be invaluable for tips and also buying second-hand items like furniture. Attend some social or networking events – Danes are friendly in structured settings like clubs or events, even if they might not chat on the street.
Learn the Rules and Register for Other Things – There are a few miscellaneous tasks: If you plan to drive, and need to exchange your license, gather the required docs (in some cases you may need a medical check to submit). If you have pets, register them with a local vet (dogs must be registered with the Danish dog register). Check if you need a TV license (as of recent years it’s part of tax, so no action needed, but just ensure you’re aware of any media license obligations). CPR uses: You can now signup for a host of things like online grocery accounts, library card (libraries are free and great, you can register with CPR at the local library), and NemKonto linking (should be done via bank as above).
Finances and Tax Follow-up – Make sure your first pay slips are taxing you correctly (not emergency high tax). If you haven’t already, update your preliminary tax income on skat.dk to avoid large adjustments later. Also, consider meeting a tax advisor if you have complex finances (like property abroad, or you’re split between countries) – Denmark taxes worldwide income for residents, so you may need to sort out any double-taxation treaties.
Emergency Prep – Save important numbers in your phone: emergency 112, your GP’s clinic, after-hours doctor number (in your region), etc. Also, note down your CPR number somewhere handy until you memorize it (you will eventually memorize that 10-digit number). Perhaps register an ICE (In Case of Emergency) contact in your phone with a family member’s number.
Enjoy the Journey – Finally, take time to enjoy Denmark. Moving countries is a big step – you’ve navigated bureaucracy, now dive into the fun stuff. Visit the local bakery for Danish pastries, explore your neighborhood, maybe take a beginner’s biking-in-Copenhagen tour if offered, try out some Danish foods (like smørrebrød open sandwiches or hotdogs from a pølsevogn). Say yes to invitations – Danes might invite you to a Friday bar or a dinner; these social experiences will help you feel at home. Also, don’t be afraid to ask for help or advice; Danes are generally willing to assist if you approach them.

This checklist covers the essentials, but everyone’s situation has unique aspects. Keep a personal to-do list and add items specific to your move (for example, “transfer my mobile phone number” or “set up an appointment to view apartments on arrival”). Tackle things one step at a time, and you’ll steadily get everything sorted. Before long, you’ll be settled in Denmark, looking back on your move as a worthwhile adventure.

Your Guide to Working and Living in Denmark

Introduction to Denmark

Visa and Work Permit Requirements

Finding a Job

Housing and Accommodation

Healthcare System

Taxation and Finances

Language and Integration

Education and Schools

Public Transportation and Mobility

Legal and Social Security Considerations

Danish Work Culture

Checklist for Moving to Denmark

Copenhagen Metro Guide – 2025

Danish Residence & Citizenship in 2025

Denmark Work Visa Processing Time (2025)

Using Public Transportation in Denmark

Studying in Denmark in 2025

Study and Other Visas in Denmark

Introduction to Denmark

Visa and Work Permit Requirements

Finding a Job

Housing and Accommodation

Healthcare System

Taxation and Finances

Language and Integration

Education and Schools

Public Transportation and Mobility

Legal and Social Security Considerations

Danish Work Culture

Checklist for Moving to Denmark

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